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Light Transport in Tissue


Egan Polynomial Approximation for R1

Another approximation for R1 is Egan and Hilgeman's [11] polynomial fit of the data of Orchard [46]. Orchard's data was generated using Walsh's formula (B.41). The polynomial is

R1Egan = -0.4399 + 0.7099 n-1 - 0.3319 n-2 + 0.0636 n-3. (B42)

where n=ni/nt<1. If n>1 then Equation (B.14) should be used.

In Table B.4 values for R1 calculated using the various approximations are presented. Walsh's or Egan's method are superior to the approximations of Star and Keizer. Since the approximate methods are not sufficiently faster, their loss in accuracy dictates that they should not be used.

Table B.4: The first moment of the Fresnel reflection calculated using various approximations. The values for R1 when ni/nt<1 are obtained using Equation (B.14), except for the Keizer approximation which uses Equation (B.39). The analytic Walsh values are identical to the numerical (exact) values. The Egan polynomial approximation is much better than either the Keijzer or Star approximations.
ni/nt R1exact R1Walsh R1Egan R1Keijzer R1Star
0.50 0.161 0.161 0.161 0.132 0.000
0.60 0.116 0.116 0.116 0.100 0.000
0.70 0.081 0.081 0.083 0.073 0.000
0.80 0.053 0.053 0.053 0.050 0.000
0.90 0.027 0.027 0.026 0.029 0.000
1.00 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.000
1.10 0.195 0.194 0.193 0.175 0.174
1.20 0.337 0.336 0.336 0.311 0.306
1.30 0.445 0.444 0.445 0.418 0.408
1.40 0.530 0.529 0.530 0.504 0.490
1.50 0.597 0.596 0.597 0.573 0.556
1.60 0.651 0.651 0.651 0.630 0.609
1.70 0.696 0.696 0.696 0.677 0.654
1.80 0.733 0.733 0.732 0.717 0.691
1.90 0.764 0.764 0.764 0.750 0.723

S. A. Prahl."Light Transport in Tissue," PhD thesis, University of Texas at Austin, 1988.